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NOTES

 

1.             Scottish Congregational Magazine, Edinburgh, 1855, p.191.

2.             Angus Galbraith (1827-1901), cf. McNaughton, William D. The Scottish Congregational Ministry 1794-1993, Glasgow, 1993, p.50.

3.             Smith, George. The Life of William Carey, D.D. Shoemaker and Missionary, Professor of Sanskrit, Bengali and Marathi in the College of Fort William, Calcutta, 2nd Edition, 1887, p.48.

4.             cf. Missionary Magazine, Edinburgh, 1796, p.45.

5.             Drummond, Andrew L. & Bulloch, James. The Scottish Church, 1688-1843, Edinburgh, 1973, p.152.

6.             Missionary Magazine, Edinburgh, 1796, Title-page.

7.             cf. (Heron, Robert.) An Account of the Proceedings and Debate in the General Assembly of the Church of Scotland, 27th May, 1796, on the Overtures from the Provincial Synods of Fife and Moray, Respecting the Propagation of the Gospel Among the Heathen, Edinburgh, 1796.

8.             James Alexander Haldane (1768-1851), cf. McNaughton 1993, op.cit., p.60.

9.             John Aikman (1770-1834), cf. McNaughton 1993, op.cit., p.4.

10.           Joseph Rate (d.1846), cf. McNaughton 1993, op.cit., p.131.

11.           cf. Haldane, James Alex., Aikman, John & Rate, Joseph. Journal of a Tour Through the Northern Counties of Scotland and the Orkney Isles in Autumn 1797. Undertaken with a View to Promote the Knowledge of the Gospel of Jesus Christ, Edinburgh, 1798. 

12.           Gray, Nelson. Greville Ewing Architect of Scottish Congregationalism, Ph.D. Thesis, Edinburgh, 1961, Vol. 1, p.136.

13.           cf. Haldane, Alexander. Memoirs of the Lives of Robert Haldane of Airthrey, and of His Brother, James Alexander Haldane, London, 1852, p.188.

14.           Missionary Magazine, Edinburgh, 1796, p.285.

15.           Neil Douglas, M.A. (1750-1823), cf. Small, Rev. Robert, D.D. History of the Congregations of the United Presbyterian Church from 1733 to 1900, Edinburgh, 1904, Vol. I, p.296.

16.           Daniel McNaught (d.1808), cf. Ibid., p.228.

17.           cf. Missionary Magazine, Edinburgh, 1797, pp.286-289.

                cp. Douglas, Niel. Journal of a Mission to part of the Highlands of Scotland, in Summer and Harvest 1797, by appointment of The Relief Synod, in a Series of Letters to a Friend, designed to shew The State of Religion in that Country, and the claim the inhabitants have on the compassion of fellow Christians, Edinburgh, 1799.

18.           cf. Struthers, Rev. Gavin, D.D. The History of the Rise, Progress, and Principles of the Relief Church, Glasgow, MDCCCXLIII, p.399.

19.           Douglas, Niel. Journal of a Mission to part of the Highlands of Scotland, in Summer and Harvest 1797, by appointment of The Relief Synod, in a Series of Letters to a Friend, designed to shew The State of Religion in that Country, and the claim the inhabitants have on the compassion of fellow Christians, Edinburgh, 1799, p.90.

20.           George Buchanan, cf. Small 1904, op.cit., Vol. I, p.205.

21.           John McDermid, cf. Small 1904, op.cit., Vol. I, p.124.

22.           cf. Struthers 1843, op.cit., p.400.

                NB. In September, 1798, it was reported that "Mr McDiarmid of Banff is just returned from a Missionary tour through the Highlands, in which he has been engaged for about two months. He went round by Inverness, Fort Augustus, Fort William, Nether Lorn, Lochawe, Glenorchy, Breadalbane, Glenlion, Rainneach, Badenoch, and Strathspey", cf. Missionary Magazine, Edinburgh, 1798, p.430.

23.           Missionary Magazine, Edinburgh, 1798, p.237.

                Eneas McBean, cf. Small 1904, op.cit., Vol. I, p.642.

24.           Ebenezer Brown (d.1836), cf. Small 1904, op.cit., Vol. I, p.364.

25.           John King, cf. Small 1904, op.cit., Vol. I, p.72.

26.           Missionary Magazine, Edinburgh, 1799, p.231.

27.           General Account of Congregationalism in Scotland from 1798 to 1848 and Particular Accounts Referring to Separate Counties, Typescript, no date (c.1848), Section 2, pp.5-6.

28.           Robert Haldane (1764-1842), cf. Haldane 1852, op.cit.

29.           Missionary Magazine, Edinburgh, 1798, p.58.

30.           An Account of the Proceedings of the Society for Propagating the Gospel at Home, from their Commencement, Dec 28. 1797, to May 16. 1799, Edinburgh, 1799, p.2.

31.           cf. Ibid.

32.           cf. Missionary Magazine, Edinburgh, 1797, p.162.

33.           Charles Simeon (1759-1836), cf. Cross, F. L. & Livingstone, E. A. (Editors), The Oxford Dictionary of the Christian Church, Oxford, 1988, p.1276.

34.           cf. Haldane 1852, op.cit., p.216.

35.           cf. Haldane, Robert. Address to the Public, Concerning Political Opinions and Plans Lately Adopted to Promote Religion in Scotland, &c. &c., Edinburgh, 1800, p.75.

                At this time, seat rents were the rule in Scottish churches and a system of payment at the door was quite common, sometimes extending even to standing room.

36.           cf. Haldane 1852, op.cit., p.208.

37.           cf. Haldane 1800, op.cit., p.71.

38.           The Edinburgh Quarterly Review, Vol. I, 1798, p.315.

39.           General Account, op.cit., Section 4, p.5.

                The individuals mentioned above were eventually admitted to the church worshipping in the Circus, possibly among the thirty or so people received as occasional communicants when the Circus was formally constituted as a church in January, 1799, cf. Ibid. and  Haldane 1852, op.cit., p.235.

40.           Greville Ewing (1767-1841), cf. McNaughton 1993, op.cit., p.43.

41.           cf. Ewing, Greville. Facts and Documents Respecting the Connections which have Subsisted between Robert Haldane, Esq. and Greville Ewing, Laid before the Public, in Consequence of Letters which the Former had Addressed to the Latter, respecting the Tabernacle at Glasgow, Glasgow, 1809, pp.8 & 16.

42.           John Campbell (1766-1840), cf. McNaughton 1993, op.cit., p.23.

43.           John Ritchie (1768-1843), cf. McNaughton 1993, op.cit., p.135.

44.           cf. Haldane 1852, op.cit., p.232.

45.           cf. Missionary Magazine, Edinburgh, 1799, pp.76-80.

46.           cf. Haldane 1852, op.cit., p.233.

47.           cf. (1) McKerrow, Rev. John. History of the Secession Church, Edinburgh, 1845, p.384.

                (2) An Adherence to the Missionary Society of Glasgow, defended, at the expence of being cut off from the communion of the Reformed Presbytery, with an Appendix, on Occasional Hearing, Compulsory Measures in Matters of Religion, and Sketches on Terms of Communion, tending to show, that all the Friends of our Lord Jesus Christ ought to unite on the basis of Evangelical Truth, Glasgow, 1796. (cp. Struthers 1843, op.cit., p.403.)

                (3) Laing MSS., Edinburgh University, La. II, 500, 24th January, 1797. cf. Ibid., 20th February, 1797.

                (4) Laing MSS., Edinburgh University, La. II, 500, 21st February, 1798.

                (5) McKerrow 1845, op.cit., pp.393-394.

                (6) Struthers 1843, op.cit., p.405.

48.           cf. Acts of the General Assembly, 1799.

49.           Pastoral Admonition, Addressed by the General Assembly of the Church of Scotland, met at Edinburgh, May 23, 1799, to all the people under their charge, Edinburgh, June 3, 1799.

50.           cf. Haldane 1800, op.cit., p.5 & Appendix, pp.9,11,25.

51.           An Account of the Proceedings of the Society for Propagating The Gospel at Home, from their Commencement, Dec 28. 1787, to May 16. 1799, Edinburgh, 1799, p.79.

52.           cf. Missionary Magazine, Edinburgh, 1799, pp.480 & 527, for opinion of the three advocates consulted by the S.P.G.H. 

53.           cf. General Account, op.cit., passim.

54.           Struthers 1843, op.cit., p.402.

55.           cf. Haldane 1852, op.cit., p.230.

56.           Haldane 1800, op.cit., p.84.

57.           Haldane 1852, op.cit., pp.247-248.

58.           cf. Matheson, J. J. A Memoir of Greville Ewing, Minister of the Gospel, By His Daughter, London, 1843, p.198 (footnote).

59.           cf. Ross, James. A History of Congregational Independency in Scotland, 1900, Chapter VIII.

60.           cf. Dictionary of Scottish Church History & Theology, Edinburgh, 1993, pp.61 & 70.

61.           cf. Ibid., p.428.

62.           John Glas (1695-1773), cf. Ibid., p.364.

63.           Robert Sandeman (1718-1771), cf. Ibid., p.744

64.           cf. Ewing 1809, op.cit., p.82.

65.           Mutual exhortation involved the exhortation of one another by members of the church in the course of worship. In the Glasite tradition, exhortations consisted of "scriptural phrases connected together by a theme, concluding without any application", cf. Murray, D. B. Records of the Scottish Church History Society, Vol. XXII, 1986, pp.50 & 53-54.

66.           cf. Haldane, James Alex. A View of the Social Worship and Ordinances observed by the First Christians, drawn from the Sacred Scriptures Alone: being an Attempt to Enforce Their Divine Obligation; and to represent the guilt and evil consequences of neglecting them, Second Edition, corrected, Edinburgh, 1806.

67.           (Orme, William.) The London Christian Instructor, London. 1819, p.781.

68.           William Ballantine (d.1836), cf. McNaughton 1993, op.cit., p.10.

69.           Ballantine, William. A Treatise on the Elder's Office: showing the Qualifications of Elders, and how the First Churches obtained them; also, their Appointment, Duties and Maintenance; the Necessity of a Presbytery in every Church, and Exhortation, and the Observance of every Church Ordinance on the Lord's Day, in order, amongst other ends, to the obtaining of Elders, Edinburgh, 1807.

70.           Matheson, op.cit., pp.327-328.

71.           General Account, Section 10, p.11.

72.           Ewing, Greville. An Attempt Towards a Statement of the Doctrine of Scriptures on Some Disputed Points Respecting the Constitution, Governments, Worship and Discipline of the Church of Christ, Glasgow, 1807, (Preface).

73.           Ibid., p.4.

74.           cf. Haldane 1852, op.cit., p.357.

75.           cf. Yuille, George (Editor). History of the Baptists in Scotland, Glasgow, 1926, p.58.

                cp. (Orme, William.) The London Christian Instructor, London. 1819, p.783.

76.           cf. Escott, Harry. A History of Scottish Congregationalism, Glasgow, 1960, p.286.

                cf. Haldane 1852, op.cit., pp.357-359.

77.           General Account, op.cit., Section 1, p.27.

78.           cf. Yuille, op.cit., p.59.

79.           cf. (Orme, William.) The London Christian Instructor, London. 1819, p.784.

80.           General Account, op.cit., Section 1, pp.27-28.

81.           Struthers 1843, op.cit., p.407.

82.           Ewing 1809, op.cit., 1809, p.93.

83.           cf. Ibid., p.112.

84.           cf. General Account, op.cit., Section 1, pp.18-19, 27.

85.           Missionary Magazine, Edinburgh, 1808, p.211.

                The Aberdeenshire Association later known as The Aberdeen and Banff Shires' Itinerant Society.

86.           James Dewar (1780-1842), cf. McNaughton 1993, op.cit., p.35.

87.           William McKay, cf. McNaughton 1993, op.cit., p.93.

88.           Alexander Dewar (1785-1849), cf. McNaughton 1993, op.cit., p.35.

89.           John Martin (1772-1834), cf. McNaughton 1993, op.cit., p.105.

90.           Neil McNeil (1782-1855), cf. McNaughton 1993, op.cit., p.101.

91.           William McWilliam, cf. McNaughton 1993, op.cit., p.103.

92.           John Munro (c.1774-1853), cf. McNaughton 1993, op.cit., p.116.

93.           cf. Missionary Magazine, Edinburgh, 1811, pp.65-67 & General Account, op.cit., Section 10, p.21.

94.           Ewing 1809, op.cit., p.83, as quoted by Nelson Gray in his Ph.D. Thesis, op.cit.

95.           cf. The Glasgow Theological Academy Minutes, 1811-1842, with note on "Origin of the Institution" (Holograph).

96.           Annual Report of the Committee of the Congregational Union, Edinburgh, 1813, p.4.

97.           cf. Annual Reports of the Committee of the Congregational Union, from 1813 onwards.

98.           Between 1798 and 1807, around 85 churches were formed in Scotland on New Testament principles and had pastors ordained over them (cf. General Account, Section 1, p.26). 55 churches joined the Union at its inception and by 1824 the Union consisted of 78 churches. Over the years the number increased, always remaining around 100 until 1896.

99.           Annual Report, op.cit., 1813, p.18.

                NB. Thomas Low, Inverkip, received £10 from the Union, but as it was thought that "he did not itinerate enough £5 of that was withheld" each year, cf. General Account, Section 13, p.22.

100.         Missionary Magazine, Edinburgh, 1813, p.100.

101.         On 11th March, 1813, cf. Missionary Magazine, Edinburgh, 1813, pp.312-314.

102.         General Account, op.cit., Section 1, pp.33-34.

                cp. Christian Herald, Edinburgh, 1821, p.90f.

                John Aikman was Chairman of the Edinburgh Itinerant Society and Robert Kinniburgh was Secretary, cf. General Account, op.cit., Section 1, p.34.

                Robert Kinniburgh (1780-1851), cf. McNaughton 1993, op.cit., p.78.

103.         Also known as The Edinburgh Association for the diffusion of the Gospel in the more destitute parts of Scotland, cf. Christian Herald, Edinburgh, 1820, p.429.

104.         (John) Malcolm Maclaurin (1785-1859), cf. McNaughton 1993, op.cit., p.98.

105.         John Campbell (c.1780-1853), cf. McNaughton 1993, op.cit., p.23.

106.         Peter McLaren (1777-1849), cf. McNaughton 1993, op.cit., p.98.

107.         James Kennedy (1777-1863), cf. McNaughton 1993, op.cit., p.76.

108.         General Account, op.cit., Section 1, p.35.

                cp. Christian Herald, Edinburgh, 1818, pp.393-396.

109.         Annual Report, op.cit., 1818, p.17.

110.         Ibid., p.14.

111.         cf. Christian Herald, Edinburgh, 1825, pp.397-401.

112.         cf. Christian Herald, Edinburgh, 1826, p.28.

113.         ie. Peter McLaren, cf. Annual Report, op.cit., 1828, p.17.

114.         Extracts from a Sketch of the Itinerant Labours of some Ministers in the Highlands and Islands of Scotland, supported from the proceeds of a Sale of Ladies' Work in Edinburgh, April 1827, in Christian Herald, Edinburgh, 1828, pp.278-280.

                cf. General Account, op.cit., Section 1, p.37.

115.         Alexander McKenzie, cf. McNaughton 1993, op.cit., p.94.

116.         cf. An Account of the Proceedings of the Society for Propagating The Gospel at Home, from their Commencement, Dec 28. 1787, to May 16. 1799, Edinburgh, p.60.

                In July 1800, it was asserted that one of the S.P.G.H. catechists was stationed in the Western Isles "by particular desire of one of the principal proprietors", cf. Missionary Magazine, Edinburgh, 1800, p.309.

117.         Alexander McKay (1780-1856), cf. McNaughton 1993, op.cit., p.92.

118.         General Account, op.cit., Section 2, p.12.

119.         Ibid.

120.         cf. Annual Report, op.cit., 1828, p.15.

                cp. Christian Herald, Edinburgh, 1827, p.171.

121.         William McGavin (1773-1832), cf. McNaughton 1993, op.cit., p.90.

122.         Christian Herald, Edinburgh, 1822,p.167.

123.         cf. Annual Report, op.cit., 1821, pp.26-36.

                cf. McNaughton, William D. Early Congregational Independency in the Highlands and North East Scotland, to be published in 1999, Part I, Chapter 13, The Highlands and Islands & Finance.

124.         Christian Herald, Edinburgh, 1832, pp.175-176.

125.         Scottish Congregational Magazine, Glasgow, 1841, p.367.

126.         Annual Report, op.cit., 1848, pp.26-27.

127.         "In the spring of 1839, a protracted revival meeting was held at Denholm, - the first of the kind in Scotland" and the Protracted Meeting format appears to have been readily adopted by the churches, resulting in a remarkable revival of religion among many of the Congregational churches in Scotland, the spirit of which continued for some years. cf. Scottish Congregational Magazine, Glasgow, 1841, pp.32-33.

128.         Scottish Congregational Magazine, Glasgow, 1842, pp.215-216.

129.         George Murray (1775-1862), McNaughton 1993, op.cit., p.117.

130.         Scottish Congregationalist, 1882, p.115.

131.         cf. Annual Report, op.cit., 1850, pp.10 & 33.

                cp. Ibid., 1848, pp.10-11, 36; 1849, pp.10 & 27; 1851, pp.10-11 & 27.

                Scottish Congregational Magazine, Edinburgh, 1852, p.145.

132.         Scottish Congregational Magazine, Edinburgh, 1851, p.192.

133.         cf. Annual Report, op.cit., 1848, p.30.

134.         cf. Scottish Congregational Magazine, Edinburgh, 1851, p.192.

135.         Some years later, James Stark wrote: "It is to the credit too, of Congregational Churches throughout the country, that, while anyone with an eye in his head could see that the formation of the Free Church would diminish the attendance in all churches outside the Establishment, yet they felt and expressed a cordial feeling of regard for those who were struggling to effect their emancipation. A considerable proportion of the evening congregation, and not a few present at the morning service, in many of our chapels, were drawn by spiritual affinity, and for the sake of spiritual nutriment, rather from ecclesiastical identity, the consequence being that, when a Church was formed after their own heart, they, as Presbyterians, felt it, of course, to be their duty to stand by it in every way. All the more honour to the ministers and members of dissenting churches, who did not allow selfish and denominational considerations to interfere with the enlightened judgement and generous sympathy", cf. Stark, James. John Murker of Banff. A Picture of Religious Life and Character in the North,London, 1887, pp.141-142.

136.         Annual Report, op.cit., 1863, pp.15-16.

137.         cf. Ibid., 1855, p.34.

138.         Scottish Congregational Magazine, Edinburgh, 1855, pp.40-41.

                cp. Ibid., 1856, p.137.

139.         Scottish Congregational Magazine, Edinburgh, 1855, p.90.

140.         James Hall Wilson (1811-1897), cf. McNaughton 1993, op.cit., p.172.

141.         Scottish Congregational Magazine, Edinburgh, 1852, p.161.

142.         Scottish Congregational Magazine, Edinburgh, 1857, p.152.

143.         cf. Annual Report, op.cit., 1860, p.3.

                cp. Ibid., 1861, p.9.

144.         cf. Annual Report, op.cit., 1861, p.9.

145.         cp. Scottish Congregational Magazine, Edinburgh, 1867, p.187.

146.         David Arthur (1806-1890), McNaughton 1993, op.cit., p.9.

147.         Scottish Congregational Magazine, Edinburgh, 1867, p.184.

148.         Annual Report, op.cit., 1860, p.3.

149.         cf. Scottish Congregational Magazine, Edinburgh, 1867, pp.181-183.

150.         Ibid., pp.183-185.

151.         Ibid., pp.190-191.

152.         John 3, verse 16.

153.         cf. McNaughton, William D. Early Congregational Independency in the Highlands and North East Scotland, to be published in 2003, passim.

154.         cf. Congregational Union of Scotland Statement of Belief and Syllabus, Glasgow, 1949.

155.         John Kirk (1813-1886), cf. McNaughton 1993, op.cit., p.18.

156.         John Kirk. The Way of Life Made Plain: being Twelve Lectures on Important Propositions, Glasgow, MDCCCXLII.

157.         cf. Ferguson, Fergus. A History of The Evangelical Union, Glasgow, 1876, p.281.

158.         cf. Wardlaw, Ralph. Two Essays: I. On the Assurance of Faith: II. On the Extent of the Atonement, and Universal Pardon, Glasgow, 1830.

159.         Ralph Wardlaw (1779-1853), cf. McNaughton 1993, op.cit., p.166.

160.         Scottish Congregational Magazine, Glasgow, 1844, p.269.

161.         cf. Ibid., pp.349-350.

162.         cf. The Entire Correspondence between The Four Congregational Churches in Glasgow, and The Congregational Churches at Hamilton, Bellshill, Bridgeton, Cambuslang, and Ardrossan: On the Doctrines of Election and the Influence of the Holy Spirit in Conversion, Glasgow, MDCCCXLV.

163.         cf. Letter from The Three Congregational Churches in Aberdeen to the Congregational Church in Printfield, 21st February, 1845 (Concerning work of Holy Spirit and Election) (Manuscript)

                Letter from the Three Congregational Churches in Aberdeen to the Congregational Church in Printfield, 28th March, 1845 (Concerning work of Holy Spirit and Election) and Copy Answer from Church in Printfield, 23rd April, 1845 (Manuscript)

                Letter from the Three Congregational Churches in Aberdeen to the Congregational Church in Printfield, 13th May, 1845 (Concerning work of Holy Spirit and Election) (Manuscript)

                cp. Correspondence between three Congregational Churches in Aberdeen, and Congregational Churches at Blackhills and Printfield, relative to their views of work of Holy Spirit, Aberdeen, 1845.

 

                 WORKS RELATING TO SCOTTISH CONGREGATIONALSIM

 

Escott, Harry. A History of Scottish Congregationalism, Glasgow, 1960.

 

McNaughton, William D. The Scottish Congregational Ministry from 1794-1993, Glasgow, 1993.

 

McNaughton, William D. Early Congregational Independency in the Highlands and North East of Scotland, [To be published in 2003].

 

Ross, James. A History of Congregational Independency In Scotland, Glasgow, 1900.

 

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